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\n\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u7167\u7247\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u7a3f\u548c\u6211\u7ed9kele100\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff08\u6765\u81ea\u4e8eChestnut\u540e\u88d4\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u5f53\u5e74\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n

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\nhttp:\/\/www.gdlzsc.com\/tour\/rwlzwszs\/568KB3EADECBHF015I.htm<\/p>\n

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\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u58eb\u5f3a\u884c\u8d2d\u4e70\u571f\u5730\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u53d1\u751f\u7ea0\u7eb7\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n

1880\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5230\u8fbe\u8fde\u5dde\u5f00\u59cb\u4f20\u6559\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u65ad\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u8d2d\u4e70\u571f\u5730\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u4f1a\u5730\u4ea7\u4fee\u5efa\u6559\u5802\u3002\u57281882\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8bd5\u56fe\u8d2d\u4e70\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u53bf\u57ce\u6240\u79df\u7528\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u65f6\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8d2d\u4e70\u6210\u529f\u3002\u6240\u79df\u7528\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u7eed\u79df\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u6cb3\u4e0a\u7684\u8239\u5c4b\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u53bf\u57ce\u8d2d\u4e70\u571f\u5730\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u6ca1\u6709\u6c14\u9981\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u76ee\u5149\u6295\u5411\u4e86\u8fde\u5dde\u53bf\u57ce\u6cb3\u5bf9\u5cb8\u7684\u9e45\u516c\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n

1895\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8bd5\u56fe\u8d2d\u4e70\u9e45\u516c\u5c71\u811a\u4e0b\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1\u6cb3\u8fb9\u7684\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u83dc\u56ed\u575d\u6751\u6c11\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u571f\u5730\u65f6\uff0c\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u6751\u6c11\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u66b4\u6012\u7684\u6751\u6c11\u88ad\u51fb\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002\u4ed6\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u8dd1\u8d70\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u548c\u4e00\u540d\u7977\u544a\u8005\u88ab\u66b4\u5f92\u6293\u4f4f\u626d\u9001\u5230\u4e86\u8859\u95e8\uff0c\u88ab\u6253\u4e86500\u5927\u677f\u540e\u88ab\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u76d1\u72f1\u3002\uff02\u8fd9\u540d\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u6124\u6012\u5730\u51b2\u5165\u8859\u95e8\uff0c\u4e00\u756a\u4e89\u5435\u540e\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u4e8b\u540e\uff0c\u8fde\u5dde\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u6797\u683c\uff08Whlingle\uff09\u628a\u8fd9\u6b21\u51b2\u7a81\u62a5\u544a\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\uff0c\u5411\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u603b\u7763\u8859\u95e8\u53d1\u8868\u6297\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u7684\u4e0d\u505c\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\uff0c\u603b\u7763\u8859\u95e8\u57281896\u5e749\u6708\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u5dde\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5141\u8bb8\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u5cb8\u4e0a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u5b98\u5e9c\u538b\u5236\u4e86\u83dc\u56ed\u575d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6751\u6c11\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u4ece\u6751\u6c11\u624b\u4e2d\u5f3a\u884c\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9e45\u516c\u5c71\u811a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u571f\u5730\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6751\u6c11\u548c\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1897\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u8fd9\u5757\u521a\u521a\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u5174\u5efa\u4e00\u6240\u7537\u533b\u6240\u3002\u5728\u533b\u6240\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u83dc\u56ed\u575d\u6751\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u4e2a\u957f\u8005\u5a01\u80c1\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u201c\u4f1a\u5728\u665a\u4e0a\u63a8\u5012\u767d\u5929\u780c\u597d\u7684\u7816\u5899\u3002\uff02\u6751\u6c11\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6ca1\u6709\u5151\u73b0\uff0c\u7537\u533b\u6240\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u5efa\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u533b\u751f\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e5f\u4ece\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e09\u6c34\u642c\u5230\u4e86\u8fde\u5dde\u7684\u83dc\u56ed\u575d\u7537\u533b\u6240\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u66f4\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u7ea6\u57281900\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u533b\u751f\u53c8\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f3a\u884c\u8d2d\u4e70\u6328\u8fd1\u7537\u533b\u6240\u4e00\u5757\u5730\u52bf\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u6751\u6c11\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5f39\u3002\u5728\u5c71\u4e0a\u6240\u5efa\u7684\u9547\u9f99\u5e99\uff0c\u6751\u6c11\u6bcf\u5e74\u79cb\u65f6\u5341\u6708\u521d\u4e00\u90fd\u8981\u9686\u91cd\u7684\u5efa\u91ae\uff0c\u7948\u7977\u6765\u5e74\u7684\u98ce\u8c03\u96e8\u987a\uff0c\u662f\u8fde\u5dde\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u8282\u65e5\u5e86\u5178\u3002\u6d0b\u4eba\u8d2d\u4e70\u65c1\u8fb9\u571f\u5730\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u533b\u6240\u5efa\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u5bf9\u6751\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u5b97\u6559\u611f\u60c5\u662f\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u201c\u9e45\u516c\u5c71\u662f\u83dc\u56ed\u575d\u6751\u7684\u540e\u5c71\uff0c\u672c\u4e3a\u6751\u4eba\u8015\u79cd\u91ae\u7267\u7684\u5904\u6240\uff0c\u5c71\u4e0a\u53c8\u6709\u6751\u4eba\u7684\u7956\u575f\uff02\uff0c\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u5411\u6765\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u9616\u6751\u516c\u5730\uff02\uff0c\u662f\u83dc\u56ed\u575d\u5168\u4f53\u6751\u6c11\u7684\u5171\u6709\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8bd5\u56fe\u8d2d\u4e70\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u4ea7\u6743\u4e0a\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6761\u7ea6\u6491\u8170\uff0c\u4ed7\u7740\u5b98\u5e9c\u7684\u6697\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8bb8\uff0c\u80c6\u5927\u5984\u4e3a\u7684\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u533b\u751f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u4ece\u6751\u4e2d\u8d2a\u8d22\u65e0\u8d56\u4e4b\u5f92\u624b\u4e2d\u201c\u8d2d\u4e70\uff02\u4e86\u8fd9\u5757\u571f\u5730\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u201c\u5e76\u65e0\u9884\u65e9\u6807\u8d34\u544a\u767d\uff0c\u4ffe\u4f17\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5373\u672a\u7531\u5b98\u5370\u5951\uff0c\u4ea6\u6ca1\u8ba2\u7acb\u754c\u5740\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0d\u62e5\u6709\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6751\u6c11\u66f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u627f\u8ba4\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6559\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u8c03\u67e5\u56e2\u7684\u5e7f\u5dde\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff09\u8d2d\u4e70\u571f\u5730\u548c\u5efa\u9020\u5916\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6392\u5916\u60c5\u7eea\uff02\u662f\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u897f\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u78b0\u649e<\/p>\n

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\u7f8e\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u30fbJ\u30fbM\u30fb\u7f57\u5179\u5728\u5176\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6392\u5916\uff081905-1906\uff09\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u662f\u4e00\u8d77\u5730\u65b9\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u548c\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd0\u52a8\u5bf9\u8fde\u5dde\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\uff0c\u548c\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u662f\u4fa8\u4e61\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u534e\u5de5\u3001\u65c5\u7f8e\u534e\u4fa8\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u76f8\u5f53\u6fc0\u70c8\u30027\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u7b79\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u62d2\u7ea6\u4f1a\uff0c\u540e\u53c8\u6539\u540d\u201c\u7b79\u62b5\u82db\u7ea6\u4e0d\u4e70\u7f8e\u8d27\u603b\u516c\u6240\u4e00\uff08\u4ee5\u5e7f\u6d4e\u533b\u9662\u4e3a\u529e\u4e8b\u516c\u6240\uff09\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u62d2\u7ea6\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u770b\u5230\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5e7f\u5dde\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u58f0\u52bf\u65e5\u76ca\u6d69\u5927\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u4e8e7\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u7167\u4f1a\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u3002\u7167\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u4e00\u76f4\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u5de5\u7ea6\u95ee\u9898\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u4e24\u56fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u4ea4\u6e20\u9053\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u9192\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u96c6\u4f1a\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4ec7\u7f8e\u4ec7\u5916\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5236\u6b62\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u6709\u788d\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u7766\u8c0a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

9\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u5e7f\u5dde\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u9aa8\u5e72\u9a6c\u8fbe\u81e3\u3001\u6f58\u4fe1\u660e\u548c\u590f\u4ef2\u6587\u88ab\u6355\uff0c\u7f6a\u540d\u662f\u79c1\u5e03\u4f20\u5355\uff0c\u520a\u523b\u63ed\u5e16\u3002\u9a6c\u3001\u6f58\u3001\u590f\u5165\u72f1\u5f15\u8d77\u7701\u4e2d\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u516c\u6124\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u51fa\u73b0\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u4f17\u8ba4\u4e3a\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u9886\u8896\u7684\u88ab\u6355\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6c11\u4f17\u6124\u6068\uff0c\u5199\u4fe1\u6050\u5413\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u96c7\u5458\u6536\u5230\u533f\u540d\u4fe1\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5a01\u80c1\u4ed6\u82e5\u4e0d\u8f9e\u804c\u5c31\u8981\u5192\u88ab\u67aa\u6740\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff1b\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u4e5f\u63a5\u5230\u533f\u540d\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5a01\u80c1\u4fe1\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5acc\u7591\u72af\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u6ca1\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3e\u52a8\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u65e0\u529b\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\u30029\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7684\u7535\u62a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u62b1\u6028\u4e86\u4ed6\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u9884\u8a00\u5e7f\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u5c06\u4f1a\u7206\u53d1\u66b4\u4e71\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u5175\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u516c\u4f7f\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\uff08William Wrockhill\uff09\u62b1\u6028\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u7ed5\u8fc7\u4ed6\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u51fa\u6d3e\u5175\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u56de\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u8001\u7684\u70ae\u8230\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u4ed6\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5411\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u52a0\u5916\u4ea4\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u9547\u538b\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u7206\u53d1\u524d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u9547\u538b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b58\u5728\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u9a7b\u534e\u516c\u4f7f\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u91c7\u53d6\u5916\u4ea4\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5411\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u52a0\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5176\u52a0\u5927\u9547\u538b\u7684\u529b\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u8eab\u5904\u62b5\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u6f29\u6da1\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\uff0c\u6001\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f3a\u786c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u5175\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n

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11\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u6536\u5230\u8fde\u5dde5\u540d\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u88ab\u6740\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u9a6c\u4e0a\u81f4\u7535\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u4ed6\u201c\u8981\u7763\u4fc3\u603b\u7763\u9881\u5e03\u66f4\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u544a\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u7ed9\u4e0e\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u60c5\u7eea\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6fc0\u6124\uff0c\u8981\u907f\u514d\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\uff02<\/p>\n

11\u67083\u65e5\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u4e0a\u8c15\uff1a\u201c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u2026\u2026\u7701\u6c11\u60c5\u6d6e\u52a8\uff0c\u524d\u7ecf\u8c15\u4ee4\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u968f\u65f6\u8ba4\u771f\u9632\u8303\uff0c\u59a5\u4e3a\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u4e43\u8be5\u5dde\u6f2b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5fc3\uff0c\u51fa\u6b64\u91cd\u6848\uff0c\u5b9e\u5c5e\u548e\u65e0\u53ef\u8f9e\u3002\u8457\u67e5\u53d6\u804c\u540d\uff0c\u5148\u884c\u9769\u804c\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u8457\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u4e25\u996c\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e4b\u5458\uff0c\u8d76\u7d27\u67e5\u62ff\u9996\u8981\u5404\u72af\uff0c\u6309\u5f8b\u6cbb\u7f6a\uff0c\u6bcb\u7a0d\u5bbd\u7eb5\u3002\u6559\u58eb\u4e94\u540d\u65e0\u8f9c\u88ab\u5bb3\uff0c\u60c5\u6b8a\u53ef\u601c\u60af\uff0c\u8457\u5373\u59a5\u4e3a\u629a\u6064\u3002\u5176\u4f59\u5404\u5904\u6559\u5802\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u5e76\u8457\u4e00\u5f8b\u8ba4\u771f\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u6bcb\u5728\u758f\u865e\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u5e76\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u3002\u4ed6\u8b66\u544a\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u770b\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u504f\u6fc0\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u518d\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

11\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u5916\u52a1\u90e8\u5b98\u5458\u4f1a\u89c1\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u4f1a\u8c08\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u5f3a\u70c8\u8981\u6c42\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u60f3\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5e7f\u4e1c\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u53cd\u7f8e\u66b4\u4e71\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u7684\u6297\u62d2\uff08\u6267\u884c8\u670831\u65e5\u4e0a\u8c15\u2014\u2014\u540e\u6587\u8be6\u53d9\uff09\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u53cd\u7f8e\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u660e\u663e\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u53d8\u5f97\u628a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u89c6\u4e3a\u975e\u6cd5\u8005\u548c\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u8bef\u89e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u65e0\u8f9c\u7537\u5973\u7684\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u4f46\u8981\u4e25\u60e9\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5931\u804c\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5bf9\u62d6\u5ef6\u4e8b\u6001\u7684\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u4e5f\u8981\u6709\u6240\u60e9\u5904\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u903c\u8feb\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u9547\u538b\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u6570\u6b21\u8b66\u544a\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\uff1a\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e8b\u6781\u4e3a\u6fc0\u6124\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u82e5\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6700\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u5c06\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6700\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d3e\u5175\u81f3\u6218\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u5a01\u80c1\u5145\u5206\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c40\u52bf\u6076\u5316\u7684\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5145\u5206\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f3a\u6743\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u300a\u5317\u534e\u6377\u62a5\u300b11\u670810\u53f7\u520a\u767b\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb0\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63aa\u65bd\u538b\u5236\u2018\u676f\u845b\u2019\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u676f\u845b\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u53cd\u738b\u671d\u548c\u53cd\u5916\u56fd\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5371\u9669\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u2018\u676f\u845b\u2019\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u5728\u5e7f\u4e1c\u6bd4\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7701\u4efd\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9020\u6210\u8fde\u5dde\u66b4\u4e71\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u3002\uff02<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u57281905\u5e74\u76849\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5e7f\u5dde\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u4e8e\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u5904\u7406\u533f\u540d\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5a01\u80c1\u4fe1\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u9884\u8a00\u5e7f\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u5c06\u4f1a\u7206\u53d1\u66b4\u4e71\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u5175\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u7684\u62c5\u5fc3\u548c\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u521a\u5f97\u77e5\u8fde\u5dde\u53d1\u751f\u6559\u6848\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u53c8\u6536\u5230\u82f1\u5fb7\uff08\u5e7f\u5dde\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u9547\uff09\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u62a5\u544a10\u670826\u65e5\u201c\u66b4\u6c11\uff02\u5c1d\u8bd5\u70e7\u6bc1\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u66f4\u52a0\u786e\u4fe1\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u53d1\u7535\u53ec\u56de\u4e86\u5728\u5e7f\u4e1c\u504f\u8fdc\u5e02\u9547\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u9646\u519b\u90e8\u957f\u5854\u592b\u8131\u57281905\u5e749\u6708\u548c\u8001\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u5973\u513f\u827e\u4e3d\u4e1d\uff08Alice Roosevelt\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u5e7f\u5dde\u3002\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u8857\u4e0a\u6f2b\u6b65\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u8857\u4e0a\u8d34\u6ee1\u4e86\u8c34\u8d23\u7f8e\u56fd\u6392\u534e\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u53f7\u53ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u7684\u62db\u8d34\u548c\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u4e00\u5f20\u53f7\u53ec\u5e7f\u5dde\u4eba\u4e0d\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5987\u5973\u62ac\u8f7f\u5b50\u7684\u8bbd\u523a\u6f2b\u753b\uff08\u9f9f\u62ac\u7f8e\u4eba\u56fe\uff09\u8ba9\u4ed6\u786e\u4fe1\u5e7f\u5dde\u4eba\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u654c\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u8001\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u5973\u513f\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u8857\u5934\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u4f9d\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u5854\u592b\u8131\u4f1a\u5371\u8a00\u8038\u542c\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5904\u4e8e\u6df7\u4e71\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0e\u4e49\u548c\u56e2\u66b4\u4e71\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\uff02<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u7f57\u8131\uff08Elihu Root\uff09\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u65e5\u76ca\u88ab\u4eba\u8054\u60f3\u4e3a\u4e00\u573a\u201c\u51c6\u5907\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u6b64\u7c7b\u6b8b\u66b4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\uff02\u7684\u6392\u5916\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

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7\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u7b79\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u62d2\u7ea6\u4f1a\uff0c\u540e\u53c8\u6539\u540d\u201c\u7b79\u62b5\u82db\u7ea6\u4e0d\u4e70\u7f8e\u8d27\u603b\u516c\u6240\uff02\u3002\u5728\u201c\u7b79\u62b5\u82db\u7ea6\u4e0d\u4e70\u7f8e\u8d27\u603b\u516c\u6240\u4e00\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u5229\u76ca\u4ee5\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u6253\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n

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8\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u4e0e\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u4f1a\u6664\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u624d\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4efd\u544a\u793a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u201c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e00\u6837\u9547\u538b\u62b5\u5236\u6d3b\u52a8\uff02<\/p>\n

8\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u67d4\u514b\u4e49\u7167\u4f1a\u5916\u52a1\u90e8\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u62b5\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u5373\u884c\u5f39\u538b\uff0c\u6b64\u201c\u4e3a\u8d35\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u5e94\u5c3d\u4e4b\u672c\u5206\u2026\u2026\u4e14\u4ee5\u5eb6\u6c11\u5982\u6b64\u64c5\u62df\u56fd\u6743\uff0c\u5e72\u9884\u4ea4\u6d89\uff0c\u6b8a\u7f72\u4e0d\u5408\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u9769\u60e9\u62b5\u5236\u4e4b\u9996\u66fe\u5c11\u537f\u201d\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u591a\u6b21\u7167\u4f1a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e8\u670831\u65e5\u53d1\u5e03\u4e0a\u8c15\u201c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u7766\u8c0a\u7d20\u6566\u2026\u2026\u6240\u6709\u4ece\u524d\u516c\u7ea6\u2026\u2026\u81ea\u5e94\u9759\u5019\u5916\u52a1\u90e8\u5207\u5b9e\u5546\u6539\uff0c\u6301\u5e73\u529e\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ee5\u7981\u7528\u7f8e\u8d27\uff0c\u8f99\u601d\u62b5\u5236\u2019\u2019\uff0c\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5404\u7701\u201c\u7763\u629a\u6653\u8c15\u5546\u6c11\uff0c\u5240\u5207\u5f00\u5bfc\uff0c\u52a1\u4ee4\u7167\u5e38\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u5171\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u2026\u2026\u5018\u6709\u65e0\u77e5\u4e4b\u5f92\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u717d\u60d1\uff0c\u6ecb\u751f\u4e8b\u7aef\uff0c\u5373\u884c\u4ece\u4e25\u67e5\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f25\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u201d\u8c15\u4ee4\u9881\u5e03\u540e\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u62b5\u5236\u6d3b\u52a8\u9510\u51cf\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u98ce\u6f6e\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u4e0a\u6d77\u79fb\u81f3\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5404\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

9\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u5e7f\u5dde\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u9aa8\u5e72\u9a6c\u8fbe\u81e3\u3001\u6f58\u4fe1\u660e\u548c\u590f\u4ef2\u6587\u88ab\u6355\u5165\u72f1\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u7701\u4e2d\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u516c\u6124\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u51fa\u73b0\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ad8\u6f6e\u30029\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u5854\u592b\u8131\u534f\u540c\u603b\u7edf\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u5973\u513f\u827e\u4e3d\u4e1d\u4e00\u884c\u4eba\u6765\u5230\u5e7f\u5dde\u3002\u5854\u592b\u8131\u5a01\u80c1\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u5141\u8bb8\u4eba\u6c11\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\uff0c\u662f\u8fdd\u53cd\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
\n \u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e8b\u6001\u6076\u5316\u7684\u62c5\u5fc3\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u57289\u67088\u65e5\u548c9\u670818\u65e5\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4e24\u5f20\u5e03\u544a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5e7f\u5dde\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0d\u8981\u80c1\u8feb\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u4e70\u7f8e\u8d27\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u8bc9\u8bf8\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4f8b\u884c\u516c\u4e8b\uff0c\u6577\u884d\u4e86\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

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9\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5c40\u52bf\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5bf9\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u6ca1\u80fd\u9547\u538b\u4e0b\u62b5\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f7b\u5e95\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u514d\u9664\u603b\u7763\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u804c\u52a1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

10\u6708\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8eab\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4fee\u517b\uff0c\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4ed6\u88ab\u62d8\u7981\uff0c\u6298\u78e8\u81f4\u6b7b\u7684\u8c23\u8a00\u300210\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5a62\u5973\u8fd8\u62d2\u7edd\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5e7f\u5dde\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u5f00\u59cb\u523010\u670828\u65e5\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u51e0\u6b21\u9881\u5e03\u516c\u544a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5e7f\u5dde\u6c11\u4f17\u514b\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u51fa\u73b0\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fdf\u8fdf\u4e0d\u80fd\u56de\u5e94\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fee\u7ea6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u6ca1\u6709\u5e73\u606f\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u628a\u5e7f\u5dde\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u5c91\u6625\u714a\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u9547\u538b\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u96f7\u4f18\u793c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u603b\u7763\u201c\u5bf9\u66b4\u52a8\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u662f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u201d\u3002\u6309\u7167\u7f8e\u56fd\u5165\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u7684\u591a\u6b21\u7167\u4f1a\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef6\u90fd\u6ca1\u80fd\u8ba9\u4e24\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u9547\u538b\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u90a3\u53ea\u6709\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u519b\u4e8b\u6050\u5413\u4e86\uff0c\u5180\u671b\u4ee5\u6b64\u5f3a\u786c\u624b\u6bb5\u903c\u8feb\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u5f3a\u786c\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u9547\u538b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u652f\u6301\u4f20\u6559\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6218\u7565\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u517c\u5e76\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u548c\u6062\u590d\u53d1\u5c55\u56fd\u5185\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u6687\u4e1c\u987e\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8ffd\u968f\u4ee5\u82f1\u56fd\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5217\u5f3a\u5165\u4fb5\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u867d\u7136\u79ef\u6781\u4e89\u53d6\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5165\u534e\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5229\u7528\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u4e3a\u5176\u4fb5\u534e\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u6d89\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u6848\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5927\u591a\u6301\u8c28\u614e\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u7b54\u5e94\u201c\u60e9\u51f6\uff02\u3001\u8d54\u6b3e\u3001\u5f20\u8d34\u544a\u793a\u7981\u6b62\u53cd\u6559\u5c31\u540c\u610f\u7ed3\u6848\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bb8\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8282\u5916\u751f\u679d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\u5206\u82db\u523b\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u6765\u534e\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u53ca\u6df1\u5165\u5185\u5730\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u4fb5\u7565\u7279\u6743\u66f4\u6df1\u5730\u5377\u5165\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u589e\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u51b2\u7a81\u662f1895\u5e74\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u6210\u90fd\u6559\u6848\u548c\u540c\u5e74\u7684\u798f\u5efa\u53e4\u7530\u6559\u6848\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c79\u6d8c\u7684\u6392\u5916\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u547c\u5401\u5f3a\u70c8\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u65e5\u8d8b\u5f3a\u786c\u3002\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u6559\u6848\u4e0a\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a\u8bc1\uff0c\u57281895\u5e74\u7684\u6210\u90fd\u6559\u6848\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u9a7b\u7f8e\u516c\u4f7f\u7530\u8d1d\uff08Charles Denby\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6210\u90fd\u6559\u6848\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u662f\u201c\u5b98\u65b9\u7eb5\u5bb9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u201d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7f8e\u56fd\u7528\u70ae\u8247\u8f70\u51fb\u53cd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u66b4\u52a8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5916\u52a1\u90e8\u4ea4\u6d89\u4e2d\u4ed6\u53c8\u8981\u6c42\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u56db\u5ddd\u603b\u7763\u964d\u804c\u5e76\u7981\u6b62\u4ed6\u91cd\u65b0\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e0d\u987e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5916\u52a1\u90e8\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u8fd8\u6d3e\u9063\u4e86\u7531\u4e09\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e13\u95e8\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u81f3\u6210\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u663e\u793a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u529b\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7ed9\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u201d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u70ae\u8230\u62a5\u590d\u5916\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u76f8\u5bf9\u201c\u8f6f\u5f31\uff02\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u4e00\u79cd\u79ef\u6781\u652f\u6301\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\uff0c\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u634d\u536b\u4f20\u6559\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u519b\u8230\u81f3\u5e7f\u5dde\u6e38\u5f0b\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u51fa\u5175\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u6253\u7b97\uff0c\u5176\u6001\u5ea6\u66f4\u8d8b\u5f3a\u786c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u81ea19\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u4f20\u6559\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4e5f\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u540e\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u786c\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u529b\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u6d77\u5916\u6269\u5f20\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u897f\u6218\u4e89\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0d\u60dc\u91c7\u53d6\u5305\u62ec\u6b66\u529b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u624b\u6bb5\u63a8\u52a8\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u5229\u76ca\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u62b5\u5236\u7f8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ca\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u62a4\u6d77\u5916\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u53cd\u5e94\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5916\u6587\u62a5\u7eb8\u5173\u4e8e\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u7684\u62a5\u9053<\/p>\n

\u8f66\u59d1\u5a18\u7684\u5bb6\u4e66\u5916\u6587\u62a5\u9053<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 \u4e2d\u7f8e\u5bf9\u8fde\u5dde\u6559\u6848\u7684\u4ea4\u6d89 <\/p>\n

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