{"id":1974,"date":"2019-01-03T08:12:05","date_gmt":"2019-01-03T08:12:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/drnantu.com\/blog\/?p=1974"},"modified":"2019-01-03T08:12:51","modified_gmt":"2019-01-03T08:12:51","slug":"%e5%86%8d%e8%af%bb%e6%b3%b0%e5%8b%92-taylor-%e7%9a%84%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86-the-principles-of-scientific-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drnantu.com\/blog\/2019\/01\/03\/%e5%86%8d%e8%af%bb%e6%b3%b0%e5%8b%92-taylor-%e7%9a%84%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86-the-principles-of-scientific-management","title":{"rendered":"\u518d\u8bfb\u6cf0\u52d2 Taylor \u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u539f\u7406 The Principles of Scientific Management"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bfb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5b66\u7684\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u7855\u58eb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u5de5\u5382\u8fd0\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u673a\u68b0\u5382\u5e72\u8fc7\u51e0\u5e74\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u5382\u8fd0\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8001\u5e08\u63a8\u8350\u4e86\u8fd9\u672c\u6cf0\u52d2\u201cFrederick Winslow Taylor \u201d1911\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u539f\u7406 \u201cThe Principles of Scientific Management\u201d \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5165\u95e8\u8bfb\u7269\u3002\u6211\u4ece\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u501f\u6765\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u3002 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bfe\u5916\u8bfb\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bfe\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u65f6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u538b\u529b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5c31\u8d70\u9a6c\u89c2\u82b1\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5370\u8c61\u6bd4\u8f83\u6df1\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e09\u70b9\uff1a 1:\u201c\u8ba1\u4ef6\u5236\u201d\u80fd\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c2: \u6548\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u591f\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u5458\u5de5\u90fd\u8d5a\u94b1\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u30023: \u53e4\u5178\u5f0f\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0d\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u90fd\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\uff1athe writer\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8bf4\u5230\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u51fa\u56fd\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb0\u4ef6\u5236\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u662f\u4eb2\u773c\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u6000\u7591\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd0\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8bfe\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8001\u5e08\u8bf4\uff1a\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u53e4\u5178\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u78e8\u6d0b\u5de5\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5916\u79fb\u3002\u671f\u95f4\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u88ab\u553e\u5f03\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6cf0\u52d2\u628a\u5de5\u4eba\u53ea\u5f53\u4f5c\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u4e3a\u5229\u76ca\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4eba\u201c\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e66\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u9119\u89c6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u95ee\u5de5\u4eba\uff1a\u4f60\u662f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4eba\u5417\uff1f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u5f3a\u58ee\uff0c\u4f46\u667a\u529b\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u590d\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc6\u4eba\u7528\u4eba\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u572830\u5e74\u4ee3\u559c\u5267\u660e\u661f\u5353\u522b\u6797\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u201d\u6469\u767b\u65f6\u4ee3\u201c\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u6dcb\u6f13\u5c3d\u81f4\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbd\u523a\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7b80\u5355\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e50\u8da3\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u5c4a\u867d\u7136\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u786e\u6545\u610f\u548c\u5176\u5212\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n3: \u6211\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3<\/p>\n

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\n6)\t\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u5b9e\u884c\u4f8b\u5916\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

2: \u6211\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cf0\u52d2\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u53ca\u6539\u5584\u65b9\u5f0f
\n1)\t\u53ea\u6709\u5750\u5728\u6cf0\u52d2\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff08\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u957f\u671f\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u7406\u89e3\u6cf0\u52d2\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5de5\u5382\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u6700\u8003\u8651\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u5de5\u5382\u76c8\u5229\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u8ba9\u5458\u5de5\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u770b\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\uff0c\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u6210\u672c\u624d\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5de5\u5382\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5de5\u5382\u6709\u4e86\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7ed9\u5de5\u4eba\u53d1\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u5c31\u662f\u5de5\u5382\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u6c38\u8fdc\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u90fd\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6765\u505a\u7684\u3002
\n2)\t\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u5199\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\u518d\u6b21\u8bb2\u5230\uff09\u3002
\na)\t\u65e0\u8bba\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5fc3\u6000\u5584\u610f\u7684\u6587\u4eba\u58a8\u5ba2\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u9053\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u628a\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u5f53\u4f5c\u673a\u5668\u4e0d\u597d\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u5c31\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u5de5\u4eba\u6765\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u597d\u7684\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff1a\u5f53\u5b98\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6c11\u505a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u56de\u5bb6\u5356\u7ea2\u85af\u3002
\nb)\t\u4f7f\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89c6\u9891\u5f55\u50cf\uff0c\u79d2\u8868\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u9664\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u90fd\u6700\u7701\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u8ba1\u7b97\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u65f6\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u57f9\u8bad\u7528\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u4f5c\u624b\u518c\uff08Standard Operation Procedure\uff09\u624d\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u6700\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\nc)\t\u53ea\u6709\u5b9e\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8bb0\u4ef6\u5236\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u8c03\u52a8\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5956\u52b1\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u653e\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u575a\u6301\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u539f\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u80fd\u65e5\u53d1\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u5468\u53d1\uff0c\u80fd\u5468\u53d1\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u6708\u53d1\uff0c\u80fd\u6708\u53d1\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u5e74\u53d1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u53d1\u653e\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u5c31\u80fd\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u540e\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u6211\u575a\u6301\u7528\u94b1\u7ba1\u4eba\u8fdc\u6bd4\u7528\u4eba\u7ba1\u4eba\u6548\u679c\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5956\u91d1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u97ad\u7b56\u540e\u8fdb\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u7ed9\u6574\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u8ffd\u6211\u8d76\u7684\u573a\u9762\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6b63\u80fd\u91cf\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u70b9\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u5728\u957f\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u7ebf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4f53\u4f1a\uff0c\u548c\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6211\u662f\u6cf0\u52d2\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5fe0\u5b9e\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u575a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n3)\t\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\na)\t\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7531\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u7269\u6599\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u5de5\u4eba\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5176\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a100\u7c73\u7684\u8f66\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u8d77\u70b9\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u725b\u8f66\uff08\u6162\u901f\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u884c\u4eba\uff08\u4e2d\u901f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6c7d\u8f66\uff08\u5feb\u901f\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4ece\u8d77\u70b9\u4e00\u8d77\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u9762100\u7c73\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ebf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u51fa\u6309\u7167\u5230\u8fbe\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684\u5148\u540e\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5fc5\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u4eba\u8f66\u4e92\u76f8\u6324\u538b\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u9891\u53d1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u7ed3\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4eba\u5230\u8fbe\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08\u4eba\uff0c\u725b\u8f66\uff0c\u6c7d\u8f66\uff09\u6700\u591a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u65b9\u9635\u7b56\u7565\u201d\u3002\u770b\u8fc7\u9605\u5175\u5f0f\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6574\u9f50\u5212\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u9635\u9707\u64bc\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5728\u65b9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5feb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6162\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5411\u4e24\u8fb9\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u9635\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u65b9\u9635\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f1a\u727a\u7272\u6389\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002
\nb)\t\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u8003\u8651\u6765\u4e2a\u4eba\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5de5\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u642c\u94c1\u5757\uff0c\u94f2\u6c99\u5b50\u7b49\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u4eba\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u65b9\u9635\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u4f1a\u88ab\u8feb\u727a\u7272\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u4f18\u3002\u800c\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6cf0\u52d2\u51fa\u7248\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f1911\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u5f88\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6392\u961f\u8bba \uff08queuing theory\uff09\uff0c\u8fd0\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\uff08operation management\uff09\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u770b\u677f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5355\u5143\u5f0f\u751f\u4ea7\u6216\u8005\u62c9\u52a8\u5f0f\u751f\u4ea7\u90fd\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

4)\t\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u7528\u4f1a\u6269\u5c55\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u7406\u8bba
\na)\t\u575a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u575a\u6301\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u65f6\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u7b49\u3002
\nb)\t\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u6cf0\u52d2\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5373\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff1f\u51e0\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\uff1a
\ni.\t\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8282\u62cd\uff08\u5373\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\uff09
\nii.\t\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6539\u5584\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff08\u8282\u62cd\uff09
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